Mandelic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from bitter almonds and is widely used in cosmetics and skincare products for its various beneficial properties. Its role in cosmetics can be summarized through the following key functions:
1.Exfoliation
- Mandelic acid gently exfoliates the skin by dissolving the bonds between dead skin cells, promoting cell turnover. Compared to other AHAs like glycolic acid, mandelic acid has a larger molecular size, which means it penetrates the skin more slowly and evenly, making it less likely to cause irritation. This makes it ideal for people with sensitive skin.
2. Anti-Aging
- As an exfoliant, mandelic acid helps reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by encouraging new skin cell growth. Regular use can improve skin texture and elasticity, contributing to a more youthful appearance.
3. Acne Treatment
- Mandelic acid possesses antibacterial properties, which makes it effective in treating acne. It helps reduce the formation of comedones (clogged pores) and can clear up acne without causing significant irritation. Its anti-inflammatory effects can help minimize the redness and swelling associated with breakouts.
4. Hyperpigmentation and Melasma
- It is particularly effective in treating hyperpigmentation, dark spots, and melasma because of its ability to inhibit the production of melanin (pigment). It promotes even skin tone and can lighten areas of discoloration, making it a popular ingredient in brightening treatments.
5. Hydration
- Unlike some harsher acids, mandelic acid can help the skin retain moisture. Its mildness and hydration-promoting properties make it a suitable option for those with drier skin types.
6. Improvement of Skin Texture
- By removing dead skin cells and encouraging the regeneration of new cells, mandelic acid helps improve overall skin texture. It can make the skin appear smoother, softer, and more refined over time.
7. Pre- and Post-Procedure Use
- Due to its gentle nature, mandelic acid is often recommended before and after cosmetic procedures like chemical peels or laser treatments to prepare the skin or assist in recovery.
Conclusion
Mandelic acid is versatility—ranging from exfoliation to acne treatment, and anti-aging to pigmentation correction—makes it a valuable ingredient in cosmetics and skincare, especially for those with sensitive or reactive skin. It is often found in serums, chemical peels, cleansers, and other targeted treatments.