Ivermectin is an antiparasitic medication commonly used to treat a variety of conditions, such as onchocerciasis (river blindness), strongyloidiasis, and scabies, as well as certain other parasitic infections. While it is generally considered safe when used as prescribed, there can be adverse effects, especially if the medication is taken inappropriately or in higher doses. Here are some of the potential side effects:
Common Side Effects:
1. Gastrointestinal Issues:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
2. Neurological Symptoms:
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Sleepiness or fatigue
3. Skin Reactions:
- Rash
- Itching (pruritus)
- Swelling or redness at the site of the treatment
4. Fever:
- A mild fever can sometimes occur after taking ivermectin, especially when treating conditions like onchocerciasis.
Serious Side Effects (Less Common but More Severe):
1. Severe Allergic Reactions (Anaphylaxis):
- Difficulty breathing
- Swelling of the face or throat
- Rapid heartbeat
2. Neurological Toxicity (rare, but possible):
- Confusion
- Seizures
- Coordination problems or difficulty walking (ataxia)
3. Eye Problems (especially in those with onchocerciasis):
- Inflammation of the eyes (conjunctivitis or uveitis)
- Vision changes
4. Liver Issues:
- Hepatitis or liver damage (rare but possible)
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
5. Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure):
- Especially in cases of high parasitic load (e.g., onchocerciasis), ivermectin can sometimes cause a drop in blood pressure.
Other Considerations:
- Interaction with Other Medications: Ivermectin can interact with certain drugs, including some anticonvulsants and other medications that affect liver metabolism.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: While ivermectin is generally considered safe for use in pregnancy in certain cases, its safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been well-studied. It’s important to consult a doctor if you’re pregnant or breastfeeding before using ivermectin.
Overdose:
An overdose of ivermectin can lead to more severe central nervous system toxicity, including confusion, ataxia, and even coma in extreme cases. If an overdose is suspected, immediate medical attention is necessary.
If you or someone you know is experiencing severe or unusual side effects after taking ivermectin, it’s important to seek medical attention promptly.