Dutasteride is a medication primarily used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also known as an enlarged prostate, in men. It is part of a class of drugs called 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, which work by reducing the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone that contributes to prostate growth.
Key Information:
1.Mechanism of Action:
- Dutasteride inhibits both type I and type II isoenzymes of 5-alpha reductase, which are responsible for converting testosterone into DHT.
- This reduction in DHT levels helps decrease the size of the prostate and alleviates symptoms of BPH.
2.Indications:
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): Relieves symptoms like difficulty urinating, frequent urination, and weak stream.
- Prevention of urinary retention: Reduces the need for surgery related to BPH.
3.Dosage:
- Commonly prescribed at a dose of 0.5 mg once daily.
- It is taken orally, with or without food.
4.Onset of Action:
- Improvement in symptoms may take several weeks to months, as the prostate shrinks gradually.
5.Side Effects:
- Decreased libido.
- Erectile dysfunction.
- Ejaculation disorders.
- Breast tenderness or enlargement.
- Potential for depression in rare cases.
6.Precautions:
- Not for use in women or children.
- Women who are pregnant or could become pregnant should avoid handling broken or crushed tablets, as the drug can be absorbed through the skin and harm a male fetus.
- May increase the risk of high-grade prostate cancer, though this is a subject of ongoing research.
7.Drug Interactions:
- Can interact with other medications, such as CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, ritonavir), which may increase its levels in the body.
- Should not be taken with other 5-alpha reductase inhibitors or used in combination with certain alpha-blockers unless recommended by a healthcare provider.
8.Monitoring:
- Regular monitoring of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels is recommended, as Dutasteride reduces PSA levels, which could mask prostate cancer signs.
9.Brand Names:
- Commonly sold under brand names like Avodart or generic equivalents.
If considering Dutasteride for treatment, consultation with a healthcare professional is essential to ensure its suitability and address potential risks.