Pharmacological action of Finasteride

Finasteride is a medication primarily used to treat conditions caused by hormonal imbalances involving dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Its pharmacological action is based on its ability to inhibit the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, specifically type II and to some extent type I isoenzymes.

Here is a detailed overview of its pharmacological action:

1. Mechanism of Action:

  • 5-alpha reductase inhibition: Finasteride selectively inhibits the enzyme that converts testosterone into DHT, a potent androgen.
  • Reduction of DHT levels: By blocking this conversion, finasteride decreases DHT levels in the blood and tissues, which reduces androgenic activity in target tissues like the prostate and hair follicles.
Pharmacological action of Finasteride-Xi'an Lyphar Biotech Co., Ltd

2. Pharmacological Effects:

A.In the prostate:

  • DHT is a critical factor for the growth and function of prostate tissue. Finasteride reduces prostate volume, alleviating symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and improving urinary flow.

B.In hair follicles:

  • DHT contributes to hair follicle miniaturization in androgenetic alopecia (male-pattern baldness). Finasteride slows this process, leading to reduced hair loss and, in some cases, hair regrowth.

3. Therapeutic Uses:

A.Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH):

  • Used in men to shrink an enlarged prostate, relieve urinary symptoms, and reduce the risk of acute urinary retention or the need for surgery.

B.Androgenetic Alopecia:

  • Approved for use in men to treat male-pattern hair loss, especially on the vertex and anterior mid-scalp area.

4. Dosing:

  • For BPH: 5 mg once daily.
  • For androgenetic alopecia: 1 mg once daily.

5. Adverse Effects:

  • Sexual dysfunction (e.g., decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, ejaculation disorders).
  • Gynecomastia (breast enlargement).
  • Depression or mood changes (rare but noted).
  • Reduced PSA (prostate-specific antigen) levels, which can mask prostate cancer detection.
Pharmacological action of Finasteride-Xi'an Lyphar Biotech Co., Ltd

6. Precautions:

  • Not recommended for use in women or children.
  • Pregnant women should avoid handling crushed or broken tablets, as exposure can affect male fetal development.

Finasteride is action is specific to DHT-related pathways, making it an effective and targeted treatment for conditions linked to excessive DHT activity.